📖 Static demo — read-only snapshot
You’re browsing a static build of the Body IQ knowledge graph, so everything loads with no backend. A few things that need the live server are turned off here:
- Global search (sidebar) is disabled — it queries the API.
- The JSON API and the API “Try it” playgroundaren’t included.
- The data is a snapshot — it refreshes only when the demo is rebuilt, not live from the database.
Everything else — the body map, progression ladders, coverage heatmap, exercise finder, and all anatomy/exercise/source pages — works fully. The full app (live search + API + database) runs from the source on GitHub.
Shoulder Internal Rotation
Glenohumeral Joint • Shoulder • transverse plane
Rotation of the humerus medially about its longitudinal axis.
Axis: longitudinal
Normal Range of Motion
Standard test position: supine with shoulder abducted to 90 degrees and elbow flexed 90 degrees; goniometer axis at the olecranon. AAOS/Norkin & White list 70 degrees; other sources report up to 80-90 degrees depending on scapular stabilization. Functional IR is often recorded as hand-behind-back vertebral level. PROM norm equals AROM norm.
Source: AAOS Joint Motion; Norkin & White 2016
Muscles (6)
| Muscle | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Subscapularis | Primary | — |
| Pectoralis Major | Primary | — |
| Latissimus Dorsi | Primary | — |
| Anterior Deltoid | Secondary | — |
| Infraspinatus | Stabilizer | Antagonist control |
| Teres Minor | Stabilizer | Antagonist control |
Functional Tasks (2)
Exercises (3)
Sources
- Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations for Rehabilitation — Biomechanics of Shoulder Internal Rotation