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Pectoralis Major

Large chest muscle with clavicular and sternal heads. Flexes, adducts, and internally rotates the shoulder.

Draft95%

Anatomy

Origin: Clavicular head: medial half of clavicle; Sternal head: sternum and costal cartilages 1-6
Insertion: Lateral lip of bicipital groove (clavicular head: anterior lamina; sternal head: posterior lamina)
Action: Clavicular head: horizontal adduction, flexion, internal rotation; Sternal head: adduction, horizontal adduction, extension from flexed position, internal rotation
Innervation: Clavicular head: lateral pectoral nerve (C5-C7); Sternal head: medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C6-T1)
Blood Supply: Thoracoacromial artery, lateral thoracic artery, internal thoracic artery

Movements (7)

Movement	Joint	Role	Notes
Shoulder Internal Rotation	Glenohumeral Joint	Primary	—
Shoulder Horizontal Adduction	Glenohumeral Joint	Primary	—
Scapular Depression	Scapulothoracic Articulation	Primary	—
Shoulder Adduction	Glenohumeral Joint	Primary	Sternal head
Shoulder Flexion	Glenohumeral Joint	Primary	Clavicular head
Shoulder Extension	Glenohumeral Joint	Secondary	Sternal head, from flexed position
Scapular Protraction	Scapulothoracic Articulation	Secondary	—

Exercises (47)

Exercise	Role
Countertop Incline Push-Up	Primary
Barbell Bench Press	Primary
Dumbbell Bench Press	Primary
Wall Push-Up	Primary
Doorway Pectoralis Stretch	Primary
Dip	Primary
Chest Fly	Primary
Pec Deck	Primary
Overhead Press (Seated)	Secondary
Burpee	Secondary
Dynamic Hug	Secondary
Chair Triceps Dip	Secondary
Resisted Internal Rotation	Secondary
Push-Up Plus	Secondary
Bear Crawl	Secondary
Mountain Climber	Stabilizer
Scapular Clock (Wall-Supported)	Stabilizer
Skull Crusher (Lying Triceps Extension)	Stabilizer
Supine Scapular Punch	Stabilizer
Dumbbell Shoulder Press	Synergist
Lat Pulldown	Synergist
Pull-Up	Synergist
Chin-Up	Synergist
Prone Press-Up (McKenzie)	Synergist
Jumping Jack	lengthening
Lateral Raise	lengthening
Seated Cable Row	lengthening
Bent-Over Row	lengthening
Cobra Pose	lengthening
Downward Dog (Adho Mukha Svanasana)	lengthening
World's Greatest Stretch	lengthening
Doorway Isometric Row	lengthening
Towel Row	lengthening
Towel Scapular Retraction	lengthening
Ulnar Nerve Glide	lengthening
Barbell Row	lengthening
Prone Y-T-W Raise	lengthening
Band Pull-Apart	lengthening
Mindfulness-Integrated Stretching	lengthening
Wall Angel	lengthening
Inverted Row	lengthening
Low Row (Band/Cable)	lengthening
Prone Horizontal Abduction with External Rotation (Prone Y/T)	lengthening
Prone T with External Rotation	lengthening
Scapular Retraction Exercise	lengthening
Scapular Stability Exercises (Rows / Scapular Retraction)	lengthening
Face Pull	lengthening

Sources

Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations for Rehabilitation — Anatomy of Pectoralis Major — origin, insertion, action, innervation
Muscles: Testing and Function with Posture and Pain — Manual muscle testing for Pectoralis Major