📖 Static demo — read-only snapshot

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External Oblique

Superficial lateral abdominal muscle. Fibers run inferomedially. Contralateral rotation and lateral flexion.

Draft95%

Anatomy

Origin: External surfaces of ribs 5-12
Insertion: Linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crest
Action: Contralateral trunk rotation, ipsilateral lateral flexion, trunk flexion, core stabilization
Innervation: Thoracolumbar nerves (T5-T12)
Blood Supply: Lower posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal artery, deep circumflex iliac artery

Movements (6)

Movement	Joint	Role	Notes
Thoracic Rotation	Thoracic Intervertebral Joints	Primary	Contralateral rotation
Thoracic Lateral Flexion	Thoracic Intervertebral Joints	Primary	Ipsilateral
Lumbar Flexion	Lumbar Intervertebral Joints	Primary	~1/3 of total flexor moment
Lumbar Lateral Flexion	Lumbar Intervertebral Joints	Primary	Ipsilateral; force direction ±32° from sagittal
Lumbar Rotation	Lumbar Intervertebral Joints	Primary	Contralateral rotation; large obliques dominate over small spinal rotators
Thoracic Flexion	Thoracic Intervertebral Joints	Secondary	—

Exercises (47)

Exercise	Role
Open Book Stretch (Thoracic Rotation)	Primary
Russian Twist	Primary
Front Plank and Variations	Primary
Seated Trunk Rotation	Primary
World's Greatest Stretch	Primary
Walking Lunges with Trunk Rotation	Primary
Side-Bridge	Primary
Modified Curl-Up / Dead Bug	Primary
Side Plank (Lateral Bridge)	Primary
Pallof Press (Anti-Rotation)	Primary
Turkish Get-Up	Secondary
Overhead Squat (Assessment & Training)	Secondary
Sit-Up	Secondary
Crunch	Secondary
McGill Curl-Up	Secondary
Mountain Climber	Secondary
Bird Dog to Elbow-Knee	Secondary
Side Plank with Hip Abduction	Secondary
Thoracic Extension/Rotation Mobilization	Secondary
Hanging Leg Raise	Secondary
Hollow Body Hold	Secondary
Standing Hip Hike	Stabilizer
Bird Dog Exercise	Stabilizer
Cat-Cow	Stabilizer
Back Squat (Barbell)	Stabilizer
Front Squat	Stabilizer
Goblet Squat	Stabilizer
Pull-Up	Stabilizer
Chin-Up	Stabilizer
Dumbbell Shoulder Press	Stabilizer
Hip Thrust	Stabilizer
Burpee	Stabilizer
Jumping Jack	Stabilizer
Bear Crawl	Stabilizer
Copenhagen Adduction	Stabilizer
Backpack Weighted Carry	Stabilizer
Cook Hip Lift (Single-Leg Bridge with Contralateral Hip Flexion)	Stabilizer
Glute Bridge with March	Stabilizer
Standing Hip Circles	Stabilizer
Pelvic Clock Mobilization	Synergist
Diaphragmatic / Rib Expansion Breathing Exercises	Synergist
Thoracic Rotation in Quadruped (Thread the Needle)	Synergist
Standing Lumbar Extension	lengthening
Cobra Pose	lengthening
Prone Press-Up (McKenzie)	lengthening
Active Anterior Pelvic Tilt	lengthening
Standing IT Band / Lateral Chain Stretch	lengthening

Sources

Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations for Rehabilitation — Anatomy of External Oblique — origin, insertion, action, innervation
Muscles: Testing and Function with Posture and Pain — Manual muscle testing for External Oblique