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Transversus Abdominis

Deepest abdominal muscle. Provides core stability through intra-abdominal pressure. Fascicles are horizontal in upper region with increasing inferomedial orientation in middle and lower regions. First muscle active during unexpected ventral loading.

Draft95%

Anatomy

Origin: Lateral third of inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, costal cartilages of ribs 7-12
Insertion: Linea alba, pubic crest, conjoint tendon; vertical dimension attaching to lumbar spine via thoracolumbar fascia averages 5.2 cm
Action: Increases intra-abdominal pressure, trunk stabilization, compression of abdominal contents
Innervation: Thoracolumbar nerves (T6-L1), traveling within the transversus abdominis plane (TAP)
Blood Supply: Lower posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal artery, deep circumflex iliac artery, deep inferior epigastric artery

Movements (7)

Movement	Joint	Role	Notes
Lumbar Flexion	Lumbar Intervertebral Joints	Stabilizer	Via IAP
Lumbar Extension	Lumbar Intervertebral Joints	Stabilizer	Via IAP
Lumbar Lateral Flexion	Lumbar Intervertebral Joints	Stabilizer	—
Lumbar Rotation	Lumbar Intervertebral Joints	Stabilizer	—
Hip Flexion	Hip Joint (Coxofemoral)	Stabilizer	Core stabilization
Hip Extension	Hip Joint (Coxofemoral)	Stabilizer	Core stabilization
Knee Extension	Tibiofemoral Joint	Stabilizer	Core stability during squatting

Exercises (84)

Exercise	Role
Diaphragmatic Breathing with Bracing	Primary
Core Stabilization with Abdominal Drawing-In Maneuver (ADIM)	Primary
Bird Dog to Elbow-Knee	Secondary
Straight Leg Raise	Stabilizer
Wall Push-Up	Stabilizer
Sidelying Hip Adduction	Stabilizer
Bird Dog Exercise	Stabilizer
Modified Curl-Up / Dead Bug	Stabilizer
Pelvic Realignment Exercises (Pelvic Tilts)	Stabilizer
McGill Curl-Up	Stabilizer
Pallof Press (Anti-Rotation)	Stabilizer
Hip Hinge / Deadlift Pattern	Stabilizer
Nordic Hamstring Exercise	Stabilizer
Landmine Press	Stabilizer
Turkish Get-Up	Stabilizer
Farmer's Carry (Loaded Carry)	Stabilizer
Front Plank and Variations	Stabilizer
Kettlebell Swing (Two-Hand)	Stabilizer
Cat-Cow	Stabilizer
Quadruped Rockback	Stabilizer
Foam Roller Bridge	Stabilizer
Kettlebell Good Morning	Stabilizer
Hip Abduction/Extension with Sliders	Stabilizer
Single Leg Squat / Pistol Squat	Stabilizer
Knee Split Squat Isometric Holds	Stabilizer
Heel-Toe Walking / Tandem Gait	Stabilizer
Side-Bridge	Stabilizer
Active Straight Leg Raise (ASLR)	Stabilizer
Single-Leg Sit-to-Stand	Stabilizer
Back Squat (Barbell)	Stabilizer
Goblet Squat	Stabilizer
Barbell Row	Stabilizer
Bent-Over Row	Stabilizer
Seated Cable Row	Stabilizer
Face Pull	Stabilizer
Reverse Lunge	Stabilizer
Romanian Deadlift	Stabilizer
Sit-Up	Stabilizer
Crunch	Stabilizer
Russian Twist	Stabilizer
Mountain Climber	Stabilizer
Burpee	Stabilizer
Jumping Jack	Stabilizer
Jump Squat	Stabilizer
Wall Sit	Stabilizer
Superman	Stabilizer
Bear Crawl	Stabilizer
Hanging Leg Raise	Stabilizer
Cobra Pose	Stabilizer
Downward Dog (Adho Mukha Svanasana)	Stabilizer
World's Greatest Stretch	Stabilizer
Countertop Incline Push-Up	Stabilizer
Doorway Lat Stretch	Stabilizer
Doorway Isometric Row	Stabilizer
Chair-Supported Single-Leg Balance	Stabilizer
Tandem Stance Balance	Stabilizer
Heel-to-Toe Walk	Stabilizer
Towel Row	Stabilizer
Backpack Weighted Carry	Stabilizer
Hollow Body Hold	Stabilizer
Bodyweight Hip Hinge	Stabilizer
Wall Sit Isometric	Stabilizer
Countertop-Supported Squat	Stabilizer
Pelvic Clock Mobilization	Stabilizer
Squat	Stabilizer
Sit-to-Stand	Stabilizer
Standing Hip Circles	Stabilizer
Standing Quad Stretch	Stabilizer
Walking Lunges with Trunk Rotation	Stabilizer
Bridge	Stabilizer
Towel Hamstring Curl	Stabilizer
Wall Ball Squat	Stabilizer
Step-Up on Stairs	Stabilizer
Cook Hip Lift (Single-Leg Bridge with Contralateral Hip Flexion)	Stabilizer
Glute Bridge with March	Stabilizer
Lateral Band Walk (Monster Walk)	Stabilizer
Mindfulness-Integrated Stretching	Stabilizer
Prone Hip Extension (Active, Slow Tempo)	Stabilizer
Seated Trunk Rotation	Stabilizer
Standing Hamstring Stretch (Foot on Step)	Stabilizer
Diaphragmatic / Rib Expansion Breathing Exercises	Synergist
The Knack (Pre-Contraction for Functional Continence)	Synergist
Pelvic Floor Quick Flicks (Power Contractions)	Synergist
Pelvic Floor Sustained Contraction (Kegel — Endurance)	Synergist

Sources

Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations for Rehabilitation — Anatomy of Transversus Abdominis — origin, insertion, action, innervation
Muscles: Testing and Function with Posture and Pain — Manual muscle testing for Transversus Abdominis